1. Taking care of business, who probated the estates of women in the late 18th century • Lloyd Bonfield, New York Law School.

2. Female Collaboration and the Pursuit of Wellbeing • Beatrice Moring, University of Helsinki.

3. Women and family collaboration in 19th century Kyoto’ • Mary Louise Nagata, Francis Marion University .

4. Too delicate to work”: women contributors to household incomes in Cape Town before WWII • Amy Rommelspacher, Stellenbosch University.