1. The Era of School Hygiene: Causes and Consequences • Anthony Bald, Harvard University.

2. Unequal Roll-Out of Primary Education in the Early 20th Century Finland – Evidence from a New Panel Data • Heidi Hirvonen, University of Helsinki.

3. Schools and Health in the Pre-Biomedical Era: Evidence from Rural Finland, 1880-1938 • Sakari Saaritsa, University of Helsinki; Heidi Hirvonen, University of Helsinki.